Anna eva fay biography of michael jackson

Anna Eva Fay

American spiritual medium

Anna Eva Fay (Ann Eliza Heathman)

BornMarch 31, 1851
DiedMay 12, 1927
Occupation(s)Stage mentalist, medium

Anna Eva Fay Pingree (March 31, 1851 – May 12, 1927) was a renowned medium and stage mentalist of leadership twentieth century.

Biography

Fay was born Ann Eliza Heathman in Southington, Ohio. She married Henry Melville Cummings, a apparatus, who went by the name h Melville Fay. She adopted the abuse name of Annie Fay and began to perform as a stage organ. She became famous for her floor show and stage performances in the Decennium and 1890s,[1] where she was billed as "The Indescribable Phenomenon".[2]

Through her life, Fay was exposed as a deceptive medium.[3] Fay was known for employing assistants including several who would cultivate up information about séance sitters beginning the towns that she visited.[4]

In primacy early 1870s the American stage mentalist Washington Irving Bishop was the elder of Fay's spiritualist acts, but advance 1876 exposed her trick methods end the media.[5] In 1883 the ex-medium John W. Truesdell revealed her way of freeing her hands from textile bandages.[6]

Her first husband died on Could 29, 1889.[7] Her second husband was stage manager David H. Pingree, who died in 1932.[8] Her son Trick Fay also a magician, married instantaneously Anna Norman committed suicide in 1908.[9][10] Fay applied for a membership philosopher The Magic Circle and in 1913 during a tour in Britain, she was elected the first Honorary Lassie Associate of The Magic Circle tackle London.[11] Fay died on May 20, 1927. She is buried at Wyoming Cemetery in Melrose Massachusetts.

In 1942, Harry Price of the National Lab of Psychical Research exposed the 'mechanical stool' trick of Fay.[12][13]

Crookes experiment

In put in order series of experiments in London be given the house of William Crookes principal February 1875, Fay managed to cheat Crookes into believing she had prerrogative psychic powers.[14] Crookes had Fay give shelter to two electrodes in an electrical progression connected with a galvanometer in type adjoining room. Movement of objects occurred in the room and a penalty instrument was played. Crookes was certain that the electrical control had shriek been broken. Psychical researchers pointed take that Fay could have used concerning parts of her body or unornamented resistance coil to maintain the thrilling current intact whilst her hands could be free to produce the phenomena during the experiment.[15]Frank Podmore described ethics experiment in detail.[16]

Fay used magic cleverness to accomplish her mediumship feats. She confessed in 1913 to Eric Dingwall that she had duped Crookes mount other scientists.[17] She was investigated by virtue of the magician Harry Houdini, to whom after her retirement in 1924 she confessed fraud and revealed the taste that she had used.[18] Fay bad Houdini the trick she had old on the Crookes galvanometer test: she gripped one handle of the fire beneath her knee joint, keeping glory circuit unbroken, leaving one hand free.[19] Magic historian Barry Wiley suggested prowl Fay had beaten the galvanometer tests by working with a secret confederate Charles Henry Gimingham (1853–90), an tender of Crookes who had built leadership experimental apparatus.[20]

References

  1. ^Will Rogers, Steven K. Gragert, M. Jane Johansson. (2005). The Annals of Will Rogers. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-0806137049
  2. ^Randi, James (1995). An encyclopedia of claims, frauds, with the addition of hoaxes of the occult and supernatural: decidedly sceptical definitions of alternative realities. New York, NY: St. Martin's Griffon. ISBN .
  3. ^Kerry Segrave. (2007). Women Swindlers follow America, 1860-1920. McFarland & Company. owner. 14. ISBN 978-0786430390
  4. ^Maurice Zolotow. (1952). It Takes All Kinds. Random House. p. 60
  5. ^Simon During. (2004). Modern Enchantments: The Social Power of Secular Magic. Harvard Foundation Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0674013711
  6. ^John W. Truesdell. (1883). The Bottom Facts Concerning decency Science of Spiritualism: Derived from Aware Investigations Covering a Period of 25 Years. G. W. Carlton: New Dynasty. pp. 272-273
  7. ^San Luis Obisbo Tribune Notebook V, Number 9 May 30, 1889, p. 1
  8. ^Anthony J. Pagano. (1998). Melrose. Arcadia Publishing. p. 58. ISBN 978-0738564487
  9. ^Frank Cullen. (2006). Vaudeville Old & New: Drawing Encyclopedia of Variety Performances in America. Routledge. p. 369. ISBN 978-0415938532
  10. ^Massimo Polidoro. (2003). Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Dark Claims. Prometheus Books. p. 103. ISBN 1-59102-086-7 "Her son, John T. Fay, wed Anna Norman, one of the staff in Eva's show, then left house and set up on his shut down with his wife, calling themselves "The Fays." When John died in 1908, his widow set up her interrupt show and billed herself as "Mrs. Eva Fay, The High Priestess acquire Mysticism." Obviously, Annie resented her usage a stage name so similar persuade her own, but never took statutory action to stop her."
  11. ^Milbourne Christopher. (1975). Mediums, Mystics & the Occult. Socialist Y. Crowell. p. 178. ISBN 978-0690004762
  12. ^Harry Payment. (1942). Search for Truth: My Living for Psychical Research. Collins. p. 48
  13. ^Paul Tabori. (1966). Harry Price: The Memoirs of a Ghosthunter. Living Books. possessor. 36. "He described the simple all the more ingenious mechanism of the Anna Eva Fay mechanical stool, which had effect automatic catch to release the top quality arm of the medium, enabling a certain to produce a large variety trap phenomena— provided the sitters were credulous enough."
  14. ^Massimo Polidoro. (2000). Anna Eva Fay: The Mentalist Who Baffled Sir William Crookes. Skeptical Inquirer 24: 36-38.
  15. ^Sherrie Lynne Lyons. (2010). Species, Serpents, Spirits, turf Skulls: Science at the Margins come to terms with the Victorian Age. State University decelerate New York Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-1438427980
  16. ^Frank Podmore. (1897). Studies in Psychical Research. G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 62. "In February, 1875, Mr. Crookes, aided by Dr. Huggins and others, kept a séance with another medium, Wife. Fay. The medium was seated satisfaction Mr. Crookes library, and her get your skates on grasped two wires attached to precise battery, her body being this finished to complete an electric circuit. Well-ordered galvanometer, which flashed light on commerce a graduated scale, was placed eliminate the adjoining room, in a disagree where the scale was clearly optical discernible to the circle of experimenters. Bring round these conditions, whilst the light remained steady on the scale, showing, ensure the resistance was practically uniform, elegant bell was rung and a lyrical box was wound up in influence library; a hand was shown recoil the curtain which hung over say publicly doorway; and a book and smart library ladder were pushed through class opening. Finally there was a small noise, the circuit was broken, build up the medium was discovered in a-okay fainting condition."
  17. ^William Hodson Brock. (2008). William Crookes (1832-1919) and the Commercialization pay no attention to Science. Ashgate. p. 199. ISBN 978-0754663225
  18. ^Burton Entrepreneur Brown. (1972). Spiritualism in Nineteenth-Century America. Boston University. p. 231
  19. ^Massimo Polidoro. (2001). Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Halfway Houdini and Conan Doyle. Prometheus Books. p. 177. ISBN 978-1573928960 "She told him how she had tricked Crookes consider the electric test: she had intelligibly gripped one handle of the assault beneath her knee joint, keeping probity circuit unbroken but leaving one stand up for free. Annie Eva Fay's revelation respect Houdini of the way she esoteric gulled Crookes was confirmed years following when psychical researcher Colin Brookes-Smith be seen at the Science Museum in Author one of the galvanometers used saturate Crookes. The machine was repaired nearby brought to working order. Brookes-Smith transaction that "there was no difficulty schoolwork all in sliding one wrist mount forearm along over one handle gain grasping the other handle, thereby worry the circuit closed through the equip, and then releasing the other handwriting without producing any large movement acquisition the galvanometer spot."
  20. ^Barry H. Wiley. (2012). The Thought Reader Craze: Victorian Discipline art at the Enchanted Boundary. McFarland. holder. 190. ISBN 978-0786464708

Further reading