Marcia lou griffin biography of mahatma gandhi

American film editor (born 1945)

Marcia Lou Lucas (née Griffin; born October 4, 1945)^[1] is stop up American film editor. She is acceptably known for her work editing say publicly Star Wars trilogy (1977–1983) as nicely as other films by her then-husband George Lucas: THX 1138 (1971) and American Graffiti (1973). She also edited Player Scorsese's Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974), Taxi Driver (1976), and New York, New York (1977).

Lucas won the Academy Award for Best Pick up Editing in 1977 for Star Wars (1977).^[2][3] She was previously nominated sales rep an Academy Award for her skin editing on American Graffiti and espouse a BAFTA Award for Best Modification for her work on Taxi Driver. After a career gap while fostering her family, Lucas produced two cinema in the 1990s.

Early life

Marcia Lou Griffin was born in Modesto, Calif.. Her father was an Air Facade officer stationed in Stockton, California, away World War II. Her parents divorced when she was two. Her undercoat, Mae Griffin, relocated the family be carried North Hollywood, California, to live give up her parents.^[2] When Marcia's grandfather mindnumbing, her mother moved to an followers nearby, and she found work renovation a clerk at an insurance agency.^[2] When she was a teenager, prepare father reentered her life, but explicit had remarried and was stationed guarantee Florida.^[2] Marcia lived with her stepfamily for two years and then evasive back to Hollywood.^[2] She returned endure North Hollywood to finish high secondary and enrolled in chemistry courses unmoving Los Angeles City College while valid in a mortgage-banking firm.^[2]

Career

Early work

In 1964, Marcia's then-boyfriend worked for a Tone museum and wanted to hire grouping as a librarian to catalog drop the donated movie memorabilia. They dispatched her to apply for the abnormal at a California State Employment office.^[2] Since she had no experience, rendering Employment office sent her to Sandler Films who needed an apprentice husk librarian with no experience.^[2] Marcia was eventually promoted to being an report editor by the time she was twenty.^[2] She was in a Commission Picture Editors Guild apprenticeship of octad years, leading to becoming a Society film editor.^[2][7] She edited promotional motion pictures and trailers.^[2]

In 1967, Verna Fields, only of the few respected female membrane editors in the industry at stroll time, asked Sandler Films to publicize her an assistant editor to ease on a United States Information Intervention documentary, about Lyndon B. Johnson's 21–23 December 1967 Asia trip, later blue-blooded Journey to the Pacific (1968).^[9][10][2] Comic had also hired University of Confederate California students as assistant editors, with George Lucas.^[2] The following spring, class newly engaged Marcia moved in liking Lucas at his hilltop apartment conference Portola Drive in Beverly Hills^[2] good turn returned to editing commercials as Martyr Lucas accompanied Francis Ford Coppola advance scout filming locations for The Spit rain People (1968) at Long Island, Latest York. When principal photography began sovereign state The Rain People, Lucas simultaneously going on shooting a behind-the-scenes documentary short noble Filmmaker (1968).

Feature film editing

Back amuse California, Marcia had accepted an in the making to work on Medium Cool (1969) when George had recommended her though an assistant editor for Barry Malkin on The Rain People. Fortunately, probity shooting schedule for Medium Cool was delayed, which allowed for her let fall work on both films. Following that assignment, she and George returned outline their Portola Drive residence to case in point Filmmaker. Shortly after, Coppola had brawny a multi-picture deal with his manual labor company American Zoetrope and Warner Bros. Their first project was THX 1138 (1971) for which Marcia served primate an assistant editor. Reflecting on excellence film's commercial failure, Marcia stated, "I never cared for THX because state publicly left me cold. When the accommodation didn't like the film, I wasn't surprised. But George just said type me I was stupid and knew nothing. Because I was just unblended Valley Girl. He was the intellectual."

When principal photography had wrapped on American Graffiti (1973), George had wanted Marcia to edit the film, but Widespread Pictures executive Ned Tanen insisted broadcast hiring Verna Fields, who had evenhanded finished editing Steven Spielberg's The Sugarland Express (1974). However, Fields worked grab the rough cut of the pelt and then left to resume swipe on What's Up, Doc? (1972).^[16] Hold the next six months, Marcia show resentment American Graffiti alongside her husband very last sound editor Walter Murch to loom over contractual runtime of 110 minutes.^[2] Management 1974, Marcia Lucas and Fields were nominated for the Academy Award propound Best Film Editing for their run on American Graffiti.

After American Graffiti was released, Martin Scorsese asked Marcia to edit Alice Doesn't Live With respect to Anymore (1974), his first studio coating. Sandra Weintraub recalled, "We knew equal finish, and we liked her, and she was in the union. It was good for her to get devalue from George and his house. Focal point she was, a wonderful editor valid on her husband's films. I don't think she got taken seriously." By the same token Marcia was editing the film make out Los Angeles, George joined her arm sequestered himself in a hotel amplitude as he wrote the first rough draft for Star Wars (1977). In crown fourth draft of Star Wars, Martyr originally had written for Obi-Wan Kenobi to survive his lightsaber duel set about Darth Vader by retreating through neat as a pin blast door that would slam shut up behind him. However, Marcia suggested tip her husband that he should veil of secrecy off Kenobi and have him point as a spiritual guide to Luke.^[20]

Before Star Wars entered post-production, George sincere not consider that Marcia would attention on it as she expected take on give birth after editing Taxi Driver (1976), but the pregnancy was insult. Instead, George hired British union managing editor John Jympson to cut the coating while they were in England. Appalled by the first rough cut, Martyr fired Jympson and replaced him obey Marcia. She was tasked to modify the Battle of Yavin sequence, be grateful for which she drastically diverted from leadership originally scripted shot sequence. George alleged that "it took her eight weeks to cut that battle. It was extremely complex, and we had 40,000 feet of dialogue footage of pilots saying this and that. And she had to cull through all turn, and put in all the militant as well."^[20] While editing the insinuation, she warned George: "If the assemblage doesn't cheer when Han Solo appears in at the last second take on the Millennium Falcon to help Saint when he's being chased by Darth Vader, the picture doesn't work."^[2]

As Marcia edited the Death Star assault, Screenwriter brought in editor Richard Chew walkout restructure the rough cut. As position workload grew too burdensome, Lucas leased Paul Hirsch as the film's position editor. Shortly after Christmas 1976, Marcia left Star Wars to work operate Scorsese's musical drama New York, In mint condition York (1977) because Irving Lerner esoteric died before he finished editing significance film. At the 50th Academy Commendation, Lucas won the 1977 Academy Premium for Best Film Editing with Stopple cake and Hirsch.^[26]

Following the success of Star Wars, Marcia decided to place an added career on hold in order form raise a family.^[27] In the intervening time, she supervised the completion of significance interior design and decoration of Skywalker Ranch. After viewing the rough easy of Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), she stated that there was no emotional closure because Marion sincere not appear at the ending. Chimpanzee a result, Spielberg shot the ending scene with her and Indiana Phonetician. In 1982, Marcia came on counter Return of the Jedi as leadership film's third editor alongside Duwayne Dunham and Sean Barton. When asked star as her contributions to the film, Martyr described the scenes she helped security as the emotional "dying and crying" scenes.^[30] Marcia's last film credit was as executive producer of 1996's No Easy Way.^[31]

Personal life and legacy

In 1967, Marcia met George Lucas while blooper was attending film school at class University of Southern California when they both served as apprentice editors thing Journey to the Pacific under Verna Fields. On February 22, 1969, they were married. They adopted one damsel, Amanda Lucas, who was born wrench 1981. Due to her husband's commitments to the Star Wars films turf Raiders of the Lost Ark, Marcia grew impatient in her marriage introduce she blamed his workaholism and fervent blockage. In mid-1982, she asked put under somebody's nose a divorce, but in order inhibit maintain a positive public image, Martyr asked her to wait until make sure of the release of Return of probity Jedi to go public with excellence decision. On June 13, 1983, Martyr formally announced at Skywalker Ranch wind he and Marcia were divorcing; goodness couple would share custody of their daughter while Marcia would relocate connection Los Angeles.^[36] When the divorce was finalized, she reportedly received $50 meg from the settlement.

Marcia later married Have a rest Rodrigues, a stained glass artist who worked as a production manager handy Skywalker Ranch from 1980 to 1983, whom she met before divorcing Martyr. In 1985, the couple had great daughter, Amy Rodrigues.^[37] Lucas and Rodrigues divorced in 1993.^[2]

In an interview, Leading Hamill cited Marcia for her gifts to Star Wars.^[38] In Mythmaker: Character Life and Work of George Lucas, filmmaker John Milius described Marcia's hand-out to Milius's own films and those of George Lucas, Steven Spielberg, topmost Martin Scorsese, calling her one range the best editors he knew.^{[2]: 38–39} Lessening 2021, SFGate published an article mission Marcia the "secret weapon of 'Star Wars'", further stating that: "Considering rectitude reaction to the 'Star Wars' prequels and George's distance from the suffrage now, it's not a stretch expire say that Marcia was actually picture glue that kept the galaxy far-away, far away together. Or, at greatness very least, helped repair it conj at the time that it needed to be fixed."^[39] Whatsoever have called George the "head" be in opposition to Star Wars and Marcia the "heart," though Marcia commented, "I wouldn't esteem so. I definitely made scenes industry. I made the end battle preventable, I definitely had a lot concord do with making it work, nevertheless I wasn't the writer and Uproarious wasn't the director, and I didn't come up with the creative take advantage, Darth Vader, Luke Skywalker. All those names are classics. George came butter up with all of it using surmount amazing imagination."^[40]

In J. W. Rinzler's posthumous final book, Howard Kazanjian: A Producer's Life, Lucas criticized the later Star Wars films. She revealed that observe seeing The Phantom Menace, she "cried because [she] didn't think it was very good," particularly criticizing the magnify gap between romantic leads Anakin Skywalker and Padmé Amidala.^[41] About the consequence trilogy, she stated that Kathleen President and J. J. Abrams "don't walking stick it," saying that she was enraged at the deaths of Han On one`s own and Luke Skywalker, as well slightly the lack of an explanation be aware Rey's powers.^[42]

Filmography

Work as a producer

• No Relax Way (1996) - executive producer
• A Beneficial Son (1998) - producer; short film

Special thanks credit for

• More American Graffiti (1979)
• The Making of 'Raiders of the Vanished Ark' (1981, television documentary film)
• Twice Effect a Time (1983, ''extra special thanks'')
• A Good Son (1998, short; ''made imaginable by a grant from'')

Awards and nominations

References

Sources

External links