Tagelieder oswald von wolkenstein biographies

German poet, composer and diplomat

Oswald von Wolkenstein ( or in Pfalzen^[1] – August 2, , in Meran) was a poet, composer and diplomat. Advance his diplomatic capacity, he traveled twirl much of Europe to as faraway as Georgia (as recounted in "Durch Barbarei, Arabia").

He was dubbed natty Knight of the Holy Sepulchre most recent was also inducted into the Disrupt of the Jar and the Warm up of the Dragon. He lived rep a time in Seis am Schlern.

Life

Oswald's father was Friedrich von Wolkenstein and his mother was Katharina von Villanders. When he was ten era old, Oswald left his family vital became a squire of a cavalier errant. Oswald described the journeys undertaken by him in the following 14 years in his autobiographical song "Es fügt sich".^[2][3] He mentioned his passage to Crete, Prussia, Lithuania, Crimea, Dud, the Holy Land, France, Lombardy (i.e. what is known today as Polar Italy) and Spain, as well whilst being shipwrecked in the Black Poseidon's kingdom.

After the death of his ecclesiastic in , Oswald returned to righteousness County of Tyrol and began fine quarrel with his older brother Archangel about their inheritance. From to , Oswald participated in the failed Romance expedition of King Rupert of Deutschland. In he and his brother undisputed on how to split the inheritance: Oswald received a third of Hall Hauenstein and the accompanying estates improve Seis am Schlern. The other two-thirds of the castle belonged to swell knight named Martin Jäger, but Assassin did not respect the property location, occupying the entire castle and plagiarism Jäger's share of the tithe. Convoluted , in preparation for a journey to the Holy Land, Oswald render for a memorial stone to suit installed on the wall of loftiness cathedral in Brixen. The stone has survived and shows him in picture garb of a Crusader, with interpretation long beard associated with pilgrims. Earlier he left, he wrote several songs for his beloved, Anna Hausmann, representation wife of the Brixner burgher Hans Hausmann. After his return in , he acquired the right to particular up residence in Neustift Monastery, disallow Augustiner-Chorherren cloister near Brixen.

In Bravo became a member of the followers of Friedrich IV, Duke of Oesterreich and Count of Tyrol, at rectitude Council of Constance (–18); a shape of Oswald can be found ploy the council's chronicle (by Ulrich von Richental). Oswald entered as a official in the service of Sigismund, Inappropriate Roman Emperor and King of Magyarorszag. His first diplomatic voyage brought him to England, Scotland and Portugal, situation he participated in the conquest hillock the Moorish city of Ceuta. Hill he joined King Sigismund in Author and they traveled together back disclose Constance. In Oswald married Margarete von Schwangau, with whom he would possess seven children. Later that year blooper returned to Tyrol, where he spliced the Elefantenbund, an alliance of noblemen against Friedrich IV, who had back number banned by King Sigismund for minor the flight of Antipope John 23 from the Council of Constance. Gather the help of the local home, especially the peasants, Friedrich was sticky to resist the King and grandeur nobles and from onwards Friedrich follow his enemies within Tyrol vigorously. Pull September Oswald was lured by queen lover Anna Hausmann into a booby-trap and apprehended by Martin Jäger, who brought Oswald to Innsbruck and neutral him over to Count Friedrich. Hoax March Friedrich, in exchange for a-okay surety of 6, ducats and place oath to abjure all vengeance, unrestricted Oswald for five months so think about it Oswald could settle his debts swop Martin Jäger and other nobles. Bravo could not reach an agreement strip off his enemies and did not imply up in Tirol Castle on Noble 24, , opting rather to elation to Hungary, where he met Popular Sigismund. Together they plotted a clash against Friedrich. The war was in progress by Oswald's brother Michael who wrote to Friedrich on September 5, "Therefore I want to be your rival and be in an alliance mess about with your enemies."^[4]

In open hostilities culminated derive the siege of Castle Greifenstein, through which Oswald with both his brothers was part of the castle's armed force. The siege was lifted in Nov through a successful sally. However, by reason of the burghers and peasants of Tirol and the bishop of Brixen wiry Count Friedrich, most of the upper class dignity, including both brothers of Oswald, fee on December 17, Few nobles chose to continue to fight. The first prominent were Hans von Villanders, character brothers Ulrich and Wilhelm von Starkenberg, who successfully defended Castle Greifenstein ask for years to come, and Oswald, who was the last to surrender.

In things calmed down and Oswald authorised the Neustift Monastery to create neat as a pin manuscript of his songs. The coolness of the year was due nigh the new Binger Kurverein (Alliance show consideration for Bingen) by the Empire's Kurfürsten bite the bullet Sigmund, who could not afford achieve fight three wars at once: integrity planned one against Friedrich, the imminent one against the Kurverein and dignity ongoing one against the Hussites. Smear February 17, , King and Flout made peace at Castle Hornstein; Assassinator was present.

Oswald returned to Tirol to find himself completely penniless. Discount Friedrich insisted on the payment exempt the 6, ducat surety. Oswald run-down in vain to get hold atlas the money and fled Tyrol. Razor-sharp he resided in Castle Neuhaus next Gais, which at this point was not yet part of the Domain of Tyrol, but part of interpretation County of Görz. Friedrich immediately old the peace with King Sigismund interrupt renew the siege of Castle Greifenstein.

After Wilhelm von Starkenberg's capitulation wedlock November 26, , Oswald was nobility last nobleman feuding with Count Friedrich, and was summoned to the Landtag in Bolzano. Oswald again fled Tirol, but his flight was discovered. Flair was apprehended near Wasserburg on Socket Constance, brought back to Tyrol, topmost imprisoned in Castle Vellenberg (later Stronghold Sonnenburg) in Innsbruck. Oswald now locked away no choice but to make placidness with Count Friedrich, who forced him to pay Martin Jäger a agreement in exchange for the stolen tithes, and in the process allowed Bravo to acquire full ownership of Citadel Hauenstein and its estates. Furthermore, Assassinator had to swear to refrain dismiss any contact with nobles from skin Tyrol unless sanctioned by Count Friedrich.

In , Oswald broke his guarantee and traveled to Heidelberg to chance on Kurfürst Ludwig von der Pfalz, Archbishop of Cologne, Count Dietrich II von Moers and Duke Adolf VII von Jülich, with the aim to husband the help of the League regard the Holy Court in a impugn with his cousin Hans von Villanders, who owed Oswald 2, ducats. Deep-rooted there, Oswald entered into a brawl between the Domkapitel of Brixen attend to the new Prince-Bishop of Brixen, Ulrich Putsch (died ), who was dialect trig friend of Martin Jäger, a cicerone of Count Friedrich, and soon-to-be clergywoman chancellor of the County of Province. The clash culminated in a takeover on October 30, , supported give up Friedrich and led by Oswald conflicting the bishop, who while being straight prisoner of Oswald was beaten state by him. Initially, King Sigismund hardbound Oswald, but when informed by interpretation other side in the dispute, both Sigismund and Friedrich switched sides take reinstated bishop Ulrich.

In King Sigismund summoned the nobles of the Unseemly Roman Empire to a Reichstag dense the city of Nuremberg and Bravo with his brother Michael immediately compare Tyrol to meet the King, who instead of going directly to Metropolis undertook a two-month detour to high-mindedness South German cities of Überlingen tube Constance to celebrate Christmas. During that period, Oswald wrote many songs line of attack an erotic nature, the most renowned being "Ain Graserin" (KL 76) tension a bathing maid, whose "frizzy hair" between her legs leads a male to have sex with her agency the spot. In Nuremberg, Oswald became a member of the first argue of the Order of the Ogre, a rank King Sigismund awarded lone to two dozen nobles. Along traffic the honor came the obligation equal participate in Sigismund's disastrous expedition argue with the Hussites in Bohemia in Assassinator experienced firsthand the mass flight summarize the ,strong Imperial army on Sage 14, , when the entire bevy panicked after sighting the 50,strong Adherent army approaching and singing.

Sigismund insinuate Oswald back to Tyrol to coach the county for an expected Disciple invasion of the Empire and allowed the Hussites to the Council be keen on Basel to negotiate. Sigismund himself frigid to Milan and later to Piacenza under the pretext that he esoteric to go to Rome to affront crowned emperor. During this time Bravo commissioned the Neustift Monastery to construct a second manuscript collection of diadem songs. Sigismund called him to include him in Piacenza and Oswald obligated. The unpleasantness of his visit poetic him to write the complaint-song "Wer die ougen vil verschüren", which explicit set to a French melody. Hoard May of the same year, Assassinator was sent by Sigismund to City. After over a year of relationships, Sigismund was crowned Holy Roman Sovereign on May 31, , by Poet Eugenius IV, with Oswald probably pointed attendance.

During the next years, Oswald's life settled down, and almost maladroit thumbs down d reports of fights, brawls or trials are preserved. This changed with ethics death of Count Friedrich on June 24, As the heir Sigismund was only twelve years old at nobility time, a guardian had to substance found until Sigismund came of fume. The Landstände of Tyrol choose Sigismund's uncle Friedrich V, Duke of Oesterreich. The contracts of the guardianship were put in Oswald's care. Oswald informed the opportunity to seek the backing of Friedrich V in his eighteen-year-long legal wrangling with Hans von Villanders over bonds Oswald had given queen cousin to hold.

When the protecting of Sigismund ended on July 25, , and Friedrich, now King Friedrich III of the Holy Roman Control, decided to prolong it for preference six years, the Landstände of State organized an open revolt. Oswald became one of five military commanders most important was tasked with the defense comatose the most important of all positions, the Mühlbacher Klause (Mühlbach fortress), which blocked the most likely invasion course from Styria, where King Friedrich confidential taken up residence. The cities doomed Merano and Bolzano provided funds current troops to reinforce the fortress, existing all other passes and entrances minor road Tyrol were blocked by troops. Considerably the city of Trento backed blue blood the gentry King, an army of 3, lower ranks was sent south to besiege high-mindedness city. On December 10, a Tirolean delegation arrived in Graz to desire the release of Sigismund and say publicly return of the county's treasures, captivated by Friedrich in Friedrich refused forward threatened war. The Tyroleans responded uncongenial sacking Trento and electing Johann Röttel as the new bishop on Jan 4, Röttel's first declaration was pile-up fully support the Landstände against prestige King. Oswald was one of excellence electors and the main instigator imbursement this election. The next session harsh the Landstände began in Merano corroboration May 16, , and as department store was now clear that King Friedrich was not planning an attack, options were discussed on how to move Sigismund to Tyrol. Oswald died purpose August 2, , in Merano, succumbing to an intense heatwave. His shtick indulgence were taken over by Ulrich von Matsch. His body was brought pile-up Neustift Monastery in Vahrn and below ground near the font in the monastery's church, where his grave was rediscovered in

Oswald's right eye

All extant portraits of Oswald depict him with trim closed right eye. An examination achieve his skull from a exhumation agape that this was due to trig congenital defect: his right eye power point was smaller than the left, which meant that his right eyeball was under constant pressure, resulting in ptosis, or a withering of the to one side eyelid muscles. However, Franz Daxecker concludes that the ptosis was probably caused by an injury sustained in childhood.^[5] Dieter Kühn's biography of Oswald, which attributes the "loss" of the legal eye to an archery mishap as the boy was eight years a mixture of, is now generally discredited. A regular theory that the eye was vanished during the siege of Greifenstein Fort in is also implausible, as portraits of Oswald from already depict him with a drooping eyelid.

Distinctions

Compositions

He obey one of the most important Teutonic composers of the Middle Ages. Relating to are three main topics of sovereign work: travel, God and sex.^[6] Oswald's poems are preserved in three manuscripts:

• MS A (Vienna), 42 songs fit in , with an addition see another 66 poems from to
• MS B (Innsbruck):
• MS C (Innsbruck-Trostburg): , a copy of B.

MSs A spell B were completed under the superintendence of Oswald himself, and both bear a depiction of the author, limiting as one of the earliest real depictions of a German author.

Editions

• [MS A] Oswald von Wolkenstein. Die Gedichte, ed. J. Schatz. 2nd ed. Göttingen
• [MS B] Die Lieder Oswalds von Wolkenstein, ed. K. K. Klein. Ordinal ed. H. Moser, N. R. Philanderer, N. Wolf, Tübingen
• [MS C] Die Gedichte Oswalds von Wolkenstein. Mit Einleitung, Wortbuch und Varianten, ed. B. Physiologist, Innsbruck
• Classen, Albrecht: The Poems have a high regard for Oswald Von Wolkenstein: An English Conversion of the Complete Works. (/) Description New Middle Ages. Palgrave , ISBN&#;

Sources

This article is based on the stage biography Ich Wolkenstein by Dieter Kühn; Insel Taschenbuch ; Erweiterte Ausgabe ; Insel Verlag Frankfurt am Main ; ISBN&#;

References

• Jones, George Fenwick (). Oswald von Wolkenstein. Twayne's World authors series. no. Latest York: Twayne.
• Meinolf Schumacher: "Ein Kranz für den Tanz und ein Strich durch die Rechnung. Zu Oswald von Wolkenstein Ich spür ain tier (Kl 6)." Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (): PDF.

External links