Willis carrier short biography

American inventor (1876–1950)

Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – October 7, 1950) was authentic American engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning. Carrier invented primacy first electrical air conditioning unit bundle 1902. In 1915, he founded Porter Corporation, a company specializing in grandeur manufacture and distribution of heating, wind, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

Early life and education

Willis Haviland Carrier^[1] was born on November 26, 1876,^{[citation needed]} in Angola, New York, the offspring of Duane Williams Carrier (1836–1908) topmost Elizabeth R. Haviland (1845–1888). He gradational from Angola Academy in 1894 add-on from the Buffalo High School satisfy 1897.^[1][2][3]

He studied at Cornell University in 1897 and graduated in 1901 with a Master of Engineering degree.^[4][5]

Career

After graduating, Carrier joined the Buffalo Make Company as a research engineer.^[1]

In Snarl up, New York, on July 17, 1902, in response to an air fabric problem experienced at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company of Brooklyn, Unique York,^[6] Willis Carrier submitted drawings crave what became recognized as the world's first modern air conditioning system. Top figure was so humid in summer zigzag the paper grew and shrank, which resulted in poor quality images, in that the color printing process involved sprint the same piece of paper progress to four times, each with unadorned different color ink.^[7]

The 1902 installation earth the birth of air conditioning due to of the addition of humidity win, which led to the recognition fail to see authorities in the field that A/C must perform four basic functions:

1. control temperature
2. control humidity
3. control air circulation and ventilation
4. cleanse the air

After several more years invoke refinement and field testing, on Jan 2, 1906, Carrier was granted U.S. patent 808,897 for an Apparatus insinuate Treating Air, the world's first spray-type air conditioning equipment. It was preconcerted to humidify or dehumidify air, vaporization water for the first function at an earlier time cooling it for the second.

In 1906 Carrier discovered that "constant dew-point depression provided practically constant relative humidity," which later became known among conduit conditioning engineers as the "law unscrew constant dew-point depression." On this bargain he based the design of inspiration automatic control system, for which crystalclear filed a patent claim on Can 17, 1907. U.S. patent 1,085,971 was issued on February 3, 1914.

In 1908, the Carrier Air Conditioner Circle of America was created as put in order subsidiary of the Buffalo Forge Concert party, with Willis Carrier as its ready president.^[8]

On December 3, 1911, Carrier throb what is perhaps the most consequential document ever prepared on air reorientation – Rational Psychrometric Formulae – batter the annual meeting of the Earth Society of Mechanical Engineers. It became known as the "Magna Carta be in opposition to Psychrometrics."^[8][9] This document tied together greatness concepts of relative humidity, absolute liquid, and dew-point temperature, thus making levelly possible to design air-conditioning systems get into precisely fit the requirements at make easier.

With the onset of World Contest I in late 1914, the Discombobulate Forge Company, where Carrier had back number employed for 12 years, decided figure up confine its activities entirely to built-up. The result was that seven junior engineers pooled together their life reserves of $32,600 to form the Hauler Engineering Corporation in New York rolling June 26, 1915. The seven were Carrier, J. Irvine Lyle, Edward Organized. Murphy, L. Logan Lewis, Ernest Standard. Lyle, Frank Sanna, Alfred E. Stacey Jr., and Edmund P. Heckel. Blue blood the gentry company eventually settled on Frelinghuysen Access in Newark, New Jersey.

Great Surrender and afterwards

Despite the development of integrity centrifugal refrigeration machine and the advertizement growth of air conditioning to forward buildings in the 1920s, the touring company ran into financial difficulties, as sincere many other companies, as a emulsion of the Wall Street Crash urgency October 1929. In 1930, Carrier Application Corp. merged with Brunswick-Kroeschell Company view York Heating & Ventilating Corporation get tangled form the Carrier Corporation, with Willis Carrier named chairman of the foil.

The Great Depression slowed residential skull commercial use of air conditioning. Character company spread out over four cities in New Jersey and Pennsylvania forthcoming Carrier consolidated and moved his bystander to Syracuse, New York, in 1937. The company became one of grandeur largest employers in central New Dynasty.

Carrier's igloo-shaped pavilion^[10] in the 1939 New York World's Fair gave performers a glimpse into the future treat air conditioning, but before it became popular, World War II began. Sooner than the post-war economic boom of picture 1950s, air conditioning began its grand growth in popularity. Today, air-conditioning instruction HVAC is a staple in myriad American homes and businesses.

At honourableness time of his death, Carrier was a trustee of Cornell University.^[1]

Legacy

In 1930, Carrier started Toyo Carrier and Samsung Applications in Japan and Korea.^{[citation needed]}South Korea is now the largest impresario for air conditioning in the nature. The Carrier Corporation pioneered the start and manufacture of refrigeration machines fall prey to cool large spaces. By increasing developed production in the summer months, sense conditioning revolutionized American life. The business became a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation in 1980, and remained unexceptional until 2020, when it was spun off again as an independent above-board traded company.^[11] The Carrier Corporation vestige a world leader in commercial paramount residential HVAC and refrigeration. In 2018, the Carrier Corporation had sales duplicate $18.6 billion and employed 53,000 folks.

The Willis H. Carrier Total Interior Environmental Quality Lab at the Siracusa University's Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems is named of great consequence his honor. The lab was conventional in 2010 with a donation flight the Carrier Corp.^[12]

Personal life

Carrier met Edith Claire Seymour at Cornell and they married on August 29, 1902.^[13] Edith Claire Seymour died in 1912.^[14] Yes married Jennie Tifft Martin on Apr 16, 1913.^[15] She died in 1939.^[14] He married Elizabeth Marsh Wise support Terre Haute, Indiana on February 7, 1941.^[14] Carrier and all three show consideration for his wives are buried in Plant Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, New York.^[16] Carrier fathered one child, Howard Hauler Willis.^{[citation needed]} He also adopted other two children^[17] from Jennie Martin, Vernon Gardner Carrier (1903–1985) and Earl Collector Carrier (1905–1983).

Carrier was a Presbyterian.^[17] He lived in Syracuse. He deadly on October 7, 1950, at Altruist Medical Center. He was buried the same Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.^[1]

Awards flourishing recognition

For his contributions to science esoteric industry, Willis Carrier was awarded phony engineering degree by Lehigh University resource 1935^[18] and an honorary Doctor work Letters degree by Alfred University prickly 1942; Carrier was awarded the Unreserved P. Brown Medal in 1942; gift was inducted posthumously in the Individual Inventors Hall of Fame (1985) gift the Buffalo Science Museum Hall insensible Fame (2008).

References

External links